One of the key influences that led to creation of the first Scrum was a paper on the Japanese way of new product development by Takeuchi and Nonaka [2]. This paper had a chart showing product development separated into silo’s (Type A), phases slightly overlapped (Type B), and all phases of development overlapping (Type C). Type A, the Japanese viewed as an outmoded relay race type of process. Type C they envisioned as Scrum where all phases of product development were overlapping. One can reinterpret this diagram at a higher level and think of it as applying to different types of Scrum execution. A Type A Scrum does all work on a Sprint within the timebox of the Sprint, which results in downtime when reorganizing for the next Sprint. By adding product definition tasks for the next Sprint into the current Sprint, a Type B Sprint allows work to flow smoothly from Sprint to Sprint. A Type C Sprint,runs multiple overlapping Sprints through the same Scrum teams. Today this is implemented as continuous deployment.
In a continuous deployment environment, automated acceptance testing is completed often at the end of every story. At Google, for example, there is one code branch for 15000 developments with over 20 code changes a minute. 75,000,000 automated acceptance tests are run daily. The code is always potentially shipable.
1. Takeuchi, H. and I. Nonaka, Hitotsubashi sur la gestion des connaissances. 2004, Singapour : John Wiley & Sons (Asie).
2. Takeuchi, H. and I. Nonaka, The New New Product Development Game. Harvard Business Review, 1986(January-February).
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